Roaming through Romans Chapter 13
In tonight’s study of Romans chapter thirteen the subjects are submission to the authorities and how to fulfil the law of God through love. We won’t get to cover the complete chapter in one study, so we plan to come back to it again next week.
Rom 13:1-14 ESV Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.
This is a statement that most people have an issue with, including Christians who follow the Bible. “Let every person be subject to the governing authorities.” In most countries its common knowledge that not many trust politicians or those in governing authority, and it was the same in the day of Paul’s writing. Why should we be in submission to governing authorities when we know there is much evidence that they cannot be trusted. The answer is very clear in the next sentence in verse one.
Rom 13:1b … For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.
It may be difficult to understand this, but according to scripture its true. God institutes all authority, and that includes those in government. In fact, there is no authority except from God. Jesus confirmed this when He was being questioned by Pilate after his arrest.
Joh 19:9-11 ESV He entered his headquarters again and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave him no answer. (10) So Pilate said to him, “You will not speak to me? Do you not know that I have authority to release you and authority to crucify you?” (11) Jesus answered him, “You would have no authority over me at all unless it had been given you from above. …
Pilate was the governor at the time and Jesus tells him in no uncertain terms that his authority as governor was given to him by God. This is still as true today as it was in the day of Jesus. All authority that exists, good, bad or indifferent, has been instituted from above, from God, and there is no authority that exists except from God.
Rom 13:2 Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment.
We can protest authority, we can complain to authority, but we are not to resist authority, we are not to set ourselves against authority. To do so is to resist the authority that has been appointed by God, and to resist is to incur judgement. If we do good, we have no need to fear authorities or their judgments, but if we resist them, we cannot hope to escape.
There were many Christians, including church leaders who went against the government’s restrictions during the pandemic, and many of those are being brought before the courts to be persecuted. We can argue that what the government did during the pandemic was against the constitution and that as citizens we should not submit to a government that breaks the law, and yet there is no such loophole in this passage to give us permission to ignore authority.
Many of us have a tendency to be rebellious, and for many this tendency has been alive and well for the past eighteen months. Yet scripture is very clear, government is government, and God is God. He is the one who appoints all governing authorities, and to resist his appointed governors is to incur judgment.
Rom 13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, (4) for he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God's wrath on the wrongdoer.
To go against governing authorities is not good conduct but bad, and rulers are a terror to bad conduct. But if you do well you need not be in fear of any authority. Do what is good and you will receive their approval, do bad and you will incur their wrath. Church leaders who have defied authorities in recent times, have given themselves a bad name in the eyes of government. Their conduct has not been good, and they have not received the approval.
Do what is good, says Paul, and you will receive approval, for governors are God’s servants for your good. But anyone who chooses to do wrong has cause to be afraid because those in power do not bear the sword of justice in vain. Just as those in government are God’s servants for the good of those who do good, so also are they servants of God to avenge and carry out God’s justice, to carry out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer. To clarify, the punishment for all our sins was places on Jesus and we do not have to pay for them, nor will we be punished for them on judgement day. However, if we continue to do wrong, there will be consequences here on earth.
For example, if you were stooped by the guards on the way here today and you had no tax on your car for the past six months, the authorities have the right to take you car from you until you pay the tax and the fine for not having tax. You can tell them that Jesus paid for your sin on the cross and that God is no longer recording your sin against you, and this is true. However, the guard, who is God’s servant to carry our justice here on earth, has the authority to punish wrongdoers, and he gets this authority form God. True, there is no record of your sin un heaven, but you haven’t arrived there yet, you are still on earth, and you must abide by the rules laid down, or bear the consequences of your wrongdoing.
Rom 13:5 Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God's wrath but also for the sake of conscience.
For this reason, we must be subject to all authority in order to avoid God’s wrath, but also for the sake of conscience. In Paul’s first letter to Timothy, he instructs him to hold faith and a good conscience. He warned him that anyone who failed to so would shipwreck their faith. This is a picture of a ship leaving harbour for a given destination but, on the way it crashed on rocks and got wrecked. It never reached its destination.
The conscience is the self-judging function of the inner being, the heart of man, that either accuses or excuses us regarding our conduct. It’s the part of us that recognises right from wrong and demands that we do right to avoid doing wrong. While the conscience is not infallible and can make mistakes, we cannot ignore it and succeed. For faith to reach its goal, for us to fulfil God’s will and purpose from our lives, a will that is good, pleasing and perfect, we must keep a good conscience.
There are two means of maintaining a good conscience. One is the blood of Jesus that cleanses us from all sin and purges or cleanes our conscience from guilt for sin.
Heb 9:14 ESV how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.
His blood cleanses us from dead works. In fact, no matter what we have done in the past or might do in the future, the blood of Jesus cleanses us from all our sins.
Rom 4:7-8 ESV “Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven, and whose sins are covered; (8) blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”
This is the best news we will ever hear; all our sins are already forgiven in Christ. Our consciences are purified from dead works, that is works that are past, but every time we sin our consciences will condemn us afresh. If we think we can live in continuous sin with nor harmful effects, we are fooling ourselves because to continue in known sin is to ignore the conscience. God still loves us because his love is not based on our performance, but our hearts will condemn us and rob us of our confidence. Then our faith will become shipwrecked and never reach its goal.
We are saved by grace through faith, and that is not of our own doing, its is from God. In order to keep our ship on course and avoid a shipwreck, we must have a good conscience. This is achieved by not defiling our consciences and depending in the blood of Jesus to cleanse away any condemnation from present sins and failures.
Now we live by the faith of Jesus, and to continue in His faith we are to maintain that faith until it brings us to the desired result. Whenever we catch ourselves doing wrong, we are to thank God for forgiveness and then ask his help to turn from doing wrong to doing what is right. We do this so we will avoid God’s wrath, the consequences for doing wrong, and also for the sake of conscience.
Rom 13:5 Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God's wrath but also for the sake of conscience.
If you allow your faith to become shipwrecked it will never bring you to the fullness of God’s plan for your life here on earth. Do not allow your consciences to become defiled by sin, so that your faith won’t become shipwrecked. Turn from it as quickly as you have turned to it, and you will hold faith and a good conscience.
We will leave it there for this week and come back to remainder of the chapter week by the grace of God.
(6) For because of this you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing. (7) Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed. (8) Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. (9) For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” (10) Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law. (11) Besides this you know the time, that the hour has come for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed. (12) The night is far gone; the day is at hand. So then let us cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light. (13) Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy. (14) But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.